Scandium (Sc) Standard Solution | SDS | National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) | SRM 3148a | English | 20 May 2022

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Date of Issue: 20 May 2022

SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. SUBSTANCE AND SOURCE IDENTIFICATION

Product Identifier SRM Number: 3148a SRM Name: Scandium (Sc) Standard Solution Other Means of Identification: Not applicable.

Recommended Use of This Material and Restrictions of Use This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended for use as a primary calibration standard for the quantitative determination of scandium. A unit of SRM 3148a consists of five 10 mL sealed borosilicate glass ampoules of an acidified aqueous solution prepared gravimetrically from high-purity scandium oxide to contain a known mass fraction of scandium. The solution contains nitric acid at a volume fraction of approximately 10 %, equivalent to an amount-of-substance concentration (molarity) of approximately 1.6 mol/L.

2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Classification Physical Hazard: Not classified. Health Hazard: Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 1B Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Category 1

Label Elements Symbol

Signal Word DANGER

Hazard Statement(s) H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

Precautionary Statement(s) P260 Do not breathe fume, mists, vapors, or spray. P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection.

P301 + P330 + P331 If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303 + P361 + P353 If on skin (or hair): Remove immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water. P304 + P340 If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P305 + P351 + P338 If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a doctor.

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P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P405 Store locked up.

P501 Dispose of contents and container according to local regulations.

Hazards Not Otherwise Classified: Not applicable.

Ingredients(s) with Unknown Acute Toxicity: Not applicable.

3. COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION ON HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS

Substance: Scandium oxide in nitric acid solution

Other Designations: Nitric acid (Aqua fortis; hydrogen nitrate; azotic acid; engraver’s acid) Scandium nitrate [Scandium trinitrate; hexahydrate, scandium (3+) salt (3:1)]

NOTE: Scandium oxide in nitric acid solution forms a solvated scandium nitrate salt.

Components are listed in compliance with OSHA’s 29 CFR 1910.1200; for the actual values see the NIST Certificate of Analysis.

Hazardous Component(s) CAS Number EC Number Nominal Mass Concentration (EINECS) (%)

Nitric acid 7697-37-2 231-714-2 10 Scandium nitrate 13465-60-6 236-701-5 5.1

Non-Hazardous Component(s) Water 7732-18-5 231-791-2 >84

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of First Aid Measures:

Inhalation: If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. If not breathing, give artificial respiration or oxygen by qualified personnel. Seek immediate medical attention.

Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry contaminated clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes.

Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes, including under the eyelids with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion: Contact a poison control center immediately for instructions. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to rinse out mouth. Never give liquids to a person with reduced awareness or becoming unconscious. If vomiting occurs, keep head lower than hips to prevent aspiration. If not breathing, give artificial respiration by qualified personnel. Seek immediate medical attention.

Most Important Symptoms/Effects, Acute and Delayed: Acid burns to skin, eyes, and lungs.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary: If any of the above symptoms are present, seek immediate medical attention.

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Fire and Explosion Hazards: Negligible fire hazard. See Section 9, “Physical and Chemical Properties” for flammability properties.

Extinguishing Media: Suitable: Use extinguishing media appropriate to the surrounding fire. Unsuitable: None listed.

Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Thermal decomposition will form oxides of nitrogen and scandium.

Special Protective Equipment and Precautions for Fire-Fighters: Avoid inhalation of material or combustion byproducts. Wear full protective clothing and NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

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6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Personal Precautions, Protective Equipment and Emergency Procedures: Immediately contact emergency personnel. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Use suitable protective equipment; see Section 8, “Exposure Controls and Personal Protection”.

Methods and Materials for Containment and Clean up: Do not touch spilled material. Notify safety personnel of spills. Absorb with sand or other non-combustible material. Collect spilled material in appropriate container for disposal. Isolate hazard area and deny entry.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Safe Handling Precautions: See Section 8, “Exposure Controls and Personal Protection”. Handle glass ampoules with care.

Storage: Store and handling in accordance with all current regulations and standards. Keep separated from incompatible substances (See Section 10 “Stability and Reactivity”).

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS AND PERSONAL PROTECTION

Exposure Limits:

Component: Nitric acid NIOSH (REL): 5 mg/m3 (2 ppm) TWA 10 mg/m3 (4 ppm) STEL 65 mg/m3(25 ppm) IDLH

ACGIH (TLV): 5 mg/m3 (2 ppm) TWA 10 mg/m3 (4 ppm) STEL

OSHA (PEL): 5 mg/m3 (2 ppm) TWA

Component: Scandium nitrate; No occupational limits established.

Engineering Controls: Provide local exhaust or process enclosure ventilation system. Ensure compliance with applicable exposure limits.

Personal Protection: In accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132, subpart I, wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure to this material.

Respiratory Protection: If workplace conditions warrant a respirator, a respiratory protection program that meets OSHA 29CFR 1910.134 must be followed. Refer to NIOSH 42 CFR 84 for applicable certified respirators.

Eye/Face Protection: Wear splash resistant safety goggles with a face shield. An eyewash station should be readily available near areas of use.

Skin and Body Protection: Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task being performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist before handling this product. Chemical- resistant gloves should be worn at all times when handling chemicals.

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9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

NOTE: The physical and chemical data provided are for the pure components. No physical or chemical data are available for this solution of scandium nitrate and nitric acid. The actual behavior of the solution may differ from the individual components.

Descriptive Properties:

Appearance colorless to yellow (physical state, color, etc.): liquid Molecular Formula: not available Molar Mass (g/mol): not available Odor: not available Odor threshold: not available pH: acidic Evaporation rate: not available Melting point/freezing point (ºC): not available Relative Density (g/L) as specific gravity not available (water = 1): Vapor Pressure: not available Vapor Density (air = 1): not available Viscosity (cP): not available Solubility(ies): miscible with water Partition coefficient not available (n-octanol/water):

Thermal Stability Properties: Autoignition Temperature (ºC): not applicable Thermal Decomposition (ºC): not applicable Initial boiling point and boiling range (ºC): not available Explosive Limits, LEL (Volume %): not applicable Explosive Limits, UEL (Volume %): not applicable Flash Point (ºC) not applicable Flammability (solid, gas): not applicable

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Reactivity: Stable at normal temperatures and pressure.

Stability: X Stable Unstable

Possible Hazardous Reactions: None listed.

Conditions to Avoid: Contact with combustible or incompatible materials. Keep out of water supplies and sewers.

Incompatible Materials: Acids, combustible materials, halo carbons, amines, bases, oxidizing materials, metals, halogens, metal salts, metal oxides, reducing agents, peroxides, metal carbide, cyanides.

Fire/Explosion Information: See Section 5, “Fire Fighting Measures”.

Hazardous Decomposition: Thermal decomposition will produce oxides of nitrogen and scandium.

Hazardous Polymerization: Will Occur X Will Not Occur

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11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Route of Exposure: X Inhalation X Skin X Ingestion

Symptoms Related to the Physical, Chemical and Toxicological Characteristics: Burning pain and severe skin corrosion, eye and lung damage.

Potential Health Effects (Acute, Chronic and Delayed):

Inhalation: Inhalation of nitric acid can damage the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. Short term exposure may cause irritation and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, coughing, choking, sore throat, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, and nausea. Long term exposure to acid fumes may cause damage to teeth, bronchial irritation, chronic cough, bronchial pneumonia, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Exposure to the vapors of some rare earth salts such as scandium nitrate has been reported to result in sensitivity to heat, itching, and an increased awareness of odor and taste.

Skin Contact: Nitric acid can cause severe skin burns. Severity of the damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure. Effects of acid burns may be delayed.

Eye Contact: Nitric acid can cause severe eye irritation, corneal burns, permanent eye damage, or blindness. Severity of the damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure. In rabbit eyes, some rare earth salts have caused irritation of the conjunctiva with ulcers; on denuded corneas, permanent opacity has occurred.

Ingestion: Ingestion of this material is unlikely under normal conditions of use. If ingested, nitric acid can cause severe burns and damage to the gastrointestinal tract.

Numerical Measures of Toxicity:

Acute Toxicity: Not classified. Nitric acid, Rat, Inhalation LC50: 130 mg/m3 (4 h) Scandium nitrate, Mouse, Oral LD50: No data available.

Skin Corrosion/Irritation: This SRM contains >1 % of nitric acid and it is classified as Category 1B.

Serious Eye damage/Eye irritation: This SRM contains >1 % nitric acid and it is classified as Category 1.

Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified; no data available.

Skin Sensitization: Not classified; no data available.

Germ Cell Mutagenicity: Not classified; no data available.

Carcinogenicity: Not classified. Listed as a Carcinogen/Potential Carcinogen Yes X No Nitric acid and scandium nitrate are not listed by NTP, IARC or OSHA as a carcinogen.

Reproductive Toxicity: Not classified; no data available.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Single Exposure: Not classified; no data available.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Repeated Exposure: Not classified; no data available.

Aspiration Hazard: No data available.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Ecotoxicity Data:

Nitric acid: Starfish (Asterias rubens) LC50 [renewal/aerated water]: 100 mg/L to 300 mg/L (48 h) Scandium nitrate: No data available.

Persistence and Degradability: No data available.

Bioaccumulative Potential: No data available.

Mobility in Soil: No data available.

Other Adverse effects: No data available.

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13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Waste Disposal: Dispose of waste in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Subject to disposal regulations: U.S. EPA 40 CFR 262, Waste Numbers: D001, D002.

14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

U.S. DOT and IATA: UN1760, Corrosive liquid, n.o.s. (contains nitric acid), Hazard Class 8, Packing Group II, Excepted Quantities E2.

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

U.S. Regulations:

CERCLA Sections 102a/103 (40 CFR 302.4): Nitric acid, 1000 lbs (454 kg) final RQ SARA Title III Section 302 (40 CFR 355.30): Nitric acid, 1000 lbs (454 kg) final TPQ SARA Title III Section 304 (40 CFR 355.40): Nitric acid, 1000 lbs (454 kg) EPCRA RQ SARA Title III Section 313 (40 CFR 372.65): Nitric acid, 1 % de minimis concentration OSHA Process Safety (29 CFR 1910.119): Regulated for nitric acid at higher concentrations 500 lbs TQ (≥94.5 % by weight) SARA Title III Sections 311/312 Hazardous Categories (40 CFR 370.21):

ACUTE HEALTH: Yes. CHRONIC HEALTH: Yes. FIRE: No. REACTIVE: No. PRESSURE: No.

State Regulations: California Proposition 65: Not listed.

U.S. TSCA Inventory: Nitric acid and scandium nitrate are listed.

TSCA 12(b), Export Notification: Not listed.

Canadian Regulations: WHMIS Information: Not provided for this material.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

Issue Date: 20 May 2022

Sources: ChemAdvisor, Inc., MSDS Nitric Acid, 09 December 2015.

ChemAdvisor, Inc., MSDS Scandium Trinitrate, 09 December 2015.

National Library of Medicine's PubChem, Nitric Acid CAS No. 7697-37-2; available at https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/944 (accessed May 2022).

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Key of Acronyms:

ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission Hygienists ALI Annual Limit on Intake NTP National Toxicology Program CAS Chemical Abstracts Service OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, PEL Permissible Exposure Limit Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act DOT Department of Transportation REL Recommended Exposure Limit EC50 Effective Concentration, 50 % RM Reference Material EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial RQ Reportable Quantity Chemical Substances EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know RTECS Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances Act IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act IATA International Air Transportation Agency SCBA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus IDLH Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health SRM Standard Reference Material LC50 Lethal Concentration, 50 % STEL Short Term Exposure Limit LD50 Lethal Dose, 50 % STOT Specific Target Organ Toxicity LEL Lower Explosive Limit TLV Threshold Limit Value MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet TPQ Threshold Planning Quantity NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology TWA Time Weighted Average n.o.s. Not Otherwise Specified UEL Upper Explosive Limit WHMIS Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

Disclaimer: The NIST SDS information is specific to the NIST product and is believed to be correct, based upon our current knowledge. The SDS may not necessarily be all inclusive and should be used only as a guide. NIST does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information. The only official source for specific values and uncertainties is the certificate or report.

Users of this SRM should ensure that the SDS in their possession is current. This can be accomplished by contacting the SRM Program: telephone (301) 975-2200; e-mail srmmsds@nist.gov; or via the Internet at https://www.nist.gov/srm.

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