Strontium-90 solution with trace yttrium ions | SDS | National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) | NIST SRM 4239a | English | 11 October 2022

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Date of Issue: 11 October 2022

SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. SUBSTANCE AND SOURCE IDENTIFICATION

Product Identifier SRM Number: 4239a SRM Name: Strontium-90 Radioactivity Standard Other Means of Identification: Not applicable.

Recommended Use of This Material and Restrictions of Use This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended primarily for the calibration of instruments that are used to measure radioactivity and for the monitoring of radiochemical procedures. A unit of SRM 4239a consists of approximately 5 mL of 1 M (3.6 %) hydrochloric acid solution in which a certified amount of Strontium-90 is dissolved.

Company Information National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials Program 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 2300 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-2300

Telephone: 301-975-2200 Emergency Telephone ChemTrec: E-mail: SRMMSDS@nist.gov 1-800-424-9300 (North America) Website: https://www.nist.gov/srm +1-703-527-3887 (International)

2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Radiological Hazard

Warning: THIS MATERIAL SHOULD ONLY BE USED BY PERSONS QUALIFIED TO HANDLE RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL!

This product contains licensed radioactive material and is therefore subject to the requirements of 10 CFR Part 20 (e.g., public and occupational exposure limits, waste disposal). At a minimum, the basic radiation safety principles of time, distance, and shielding, and appropriate radiation contamination control should be practiced to avoid/minimize any external and/or internal exposure. Consult with your Radiation Safety office for your facility’s radiation safety requirements/precautions specific to the radionuclide(s) (including its activity and chemical/physical form) in this Radioactive SRM.

SRM 4239a is a radioactive material, Strontium-90, with a massic activity of approximately 29.5 kBq•g-1 in a hydrochloric acid solution. Strontium-90 decays by beta-particle emission to yttrium-90, which also decays by beta-particle emission. The beta particles emitted from strontium-90 and yttrium-90 produce bremsstrahlung photons with energies up to 2 MeV.

Classification Physical Hazard: There are no known physical hazards associated with this material. Health Hazard: Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 1B Serious Eye Damage/Irritation Category 1

Label Elements Symbol

Signal Word DANGER

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Hazard Statement(s) H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

Precautionary Statement(s) P260 Do not breathe fumes, mists, vapors, or spray. P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection.

P301+P330+P331 If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353 If on skin (or hair): Remove immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water. P304+P340 If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P305+P351+P338 If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a doctor. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P405 Store locked up.

P501 Dispose of contents and container according to local regulations.

Hazards Not Otherwise Classified: None.

Ingredients(s) with Unknown Acute Toxicity: None.

3. COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION ON HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS

Substance: Strontium-90 in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid.

Other Designations: Hydrochloric Acid: Muriatic acid, chlorohydric acid, hydrochloride. Strontium-90: Not applicable.

This material contains trace amounts of Y+3 and Sr+2. Components are listed in compliance with OSHA’s 29 CFR 1910.1200; for the actual values see the NIST Certificate.

Hazardous Component(s) CAS Number EC Number Nominal Mass Concentration (EINECS) (%)

Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 231-595-7 3.6 Strontium-90 Not applicable Not applicable 0.000 000 6 Non-Hazardous Component(s) Water 7732-18-5 231-791-2 >96

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of First Aid Measures:

Inhalation: If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. If not breathing, give artificial respiration or oxygen by qualified personnel. Seek immediate medical attention.

Skin Contact: Rinse affected area with copious amounts of water followed by washing with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Seek medical attention, if needed.

Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes, including under the eyelids with copious amounts of water for at least 30 minutes. Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion: Contact a poison control center immediately for instructions. Wash out mouth with water, but do not induce vomiting. Seek medical aid at once, and bring the container or label.

Most Important Symptoms/Effects, Acute and Delayed: Acid burns to skin and eyes.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary: If any of the above symptoms are present, seek immediate medical attention.

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5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Fire and Explosion Hazards: Negligible fire hazard. See Section 9, “Physical and Chemical Properties” for flammability properties.

Extinguishing Media: Suitable: Use extinguishing media appropriate to the surrounding fire. Unsuitable: None listed.

Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Hydrogen chloride.

Special Protective Equipment and Precautions for Fire-Fighters: Avoid inhalation of material or combustion byproducts. Wear full protective clothing and NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

This material is radioactive. DO NOT touch spilled material. Immediately notify safety personnel of a spill.

Personal Precautions, Protective Equipment, Methods and Materials for Containment and Clean up:

Radiological Emergency Procedures: The following is a guide for first responders. The following actions, including remediation, should be carried out by qualified individuals. In cases where a life-threatening injury occurs concurrent with personal contamination, treat the injury first. Do not touch damaged packages or spilled material. Handle as a radioactive material spill. In addition to those actions described below, the guidelines in the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) provide more specific measures that should be followed.

Spill and Leak Control: Alert and clear everyone from the area affected by the spill. Take actions to limit the spread of contamination. Summon aid.

Damage to the Radioactive Source: Evacuate the immediate vicinity around the source. Place a barrier at a safe distance from the source. Identify area as a radiation hazard.

Suggested Emergency Protective Equipment: Gloves Footwear Covers Outer layer or easily removed protective clothing (as situation requires)

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Safe Handling Precautions and Storage: This material is radioactive. Store and handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards. See NRC 10 CFR 20 or state regulations. See Section 8, “Exposure Controls and Personal Protection”.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS AND PERSONAL PROTECTION

Exposure Limits:

Strontium-90: ALIinh: 20 μCi or 740 kBq (bone surface). See NRC 10 CFR 20 Appendix B ALIing: 30 μCi or 1.11 MBq (bone surface). OSHA: See OSHA 29 CFR and NRC 10 CFR 20. ACGIH: See International Commission on Radiological Protection guidelines

Hydrochloric Acid: NIOSH (REL): 7 mg/m3; 5 ppm (Ceiling) 75 mg/m3; 50 ppm (IDLH) ACGIH (TLV): 3 mg/m3; 2 ppm (Ceiling) OSHA (PEL): 7 mg/m3; 5 ppm (Ceiling)

Engineering Controls: Provide local exhaust or process enclosure ventilation system. Ensure compliance with applicable exposure limits. SRM 4239a Page 3 of 7

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Personal Protection: In accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132, subpart I, wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure to this material.

Respiratory Protection: If workplace conditions warrant a respirator, a respiratory protection program that meets OSHA 29CFR 1910.134 must be followed. Refer to NIOSH 42 CFR 84 for applicable certified respirators.

Eye/Face Protection: Wear splash resistant safety goggles with a face shield. An eye wash station should be readily available near areas of use.

Skin and Body Protection: Wear protective clothing to prevent contact with skin. Wear appropriate gloves.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Descriptive Properties:

Appearance (physical state, color, etc.): not available Molecular Formula: not applicable Molar Mass (g/mol): not applicable Odor: not available Odor threshold: not available pH: not available Evaporation rate (ether = 1): not available Melting point/freezing point (ºC): not available Relative Density (g/L) as specific gravity (water = 1): not available Vapor Pressure (mmHg): not applicable Vapor Density (air = 1): 0.7 (water) Viscosity (cP): not available Solubility(ies): not available Partition coefficient not available (n-octanol/water): Particle Size: not applicable

Thermal Stability Properties: Autoignition Temperature (ºC): not applicable Thermal Decomposition (ºC): not applicable Initial boiling point and boiling range (ºC): not available Explosive Limits, LEL (Volume %): not applicable Explosive Limits, UEL (Volume %): not applicable Flash Point (ºC): not applicable Flammability (solid, gas): not applicable

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Reactivity: This material is stable at normal temperatures and pressure.

Stability: X Stable Unstable

Possible Hazardous Reactions: None listed.

Conditions to Avoid: Avoid contact with combustible materials and incompatible materials.

Incompatible Materials: Cyanides, metals, amines, bases, metal carbide, oxidizing materials, acids, halo carbons, combustible materials, halogens, metal salts.

Fire/Explosion Information: See Section 5, “Fire Fighting Measures”.

Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen chloride.

Hazardous Polymerization: Will Occur X Will Not Occur

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Route of Exposure: X Inhalation X Skin X Ingestion

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Symptoms Related to the Physical, Chemical and Toxicological Characteristics: Burning pain and severe corrosive skin damage. Permanent eye damage including blindness could result.

Potential Health Effects (Acute, Chronic and Delayed):

Inhalation: Hydrochloric acid, if inhaled, can damage the mucous membranes and respiratory tract. Short term exposure may cause irritation and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, coughing, choking, sore throat, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, and nausea. Long term exposure to acid fumes may cause damage to teeth, bronchial irritation, chronic cough, bronchial pneumonia, and gastrointestinal disturbances.

Skin Contact: Hydrochloric acid can cause severe skin burns. Severity of the damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure. Effects of acid burns may be delayed.

Eye Contact: Hydrochloric acid can cause severe eye irritation, corneal burns, permanent eye damage, or blindness. Severity of the damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure.

Ingestion: Ingestion of this material is unlikely under normal conditions of use. If ingested, Hydrochloric acid can cause severe burns and damage to the gastrointestinal tract.

Numerical Measures of Toxicity:

Acute Toxicity: Hydrochloric acid, Rat, Inhalation LC50: 3124 ppm (1 h) Rat, Oral LD50: 238 - 277 mg/kg Skin Corrosion/Irritation: This SRM contains 3.6 % Hydrochloric acid and it is classified as Category 1.

Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation: This SRM contains 3.6 % Hydrochloric acid and it is classified as Category 1.

Respiratory Sensitization: No data available.

Skin Sensitization: No data available.

Germ Cell Mutagenicity: No data available.

Carcinogenicity: No data available.

Listed as a Carcinogen/Potential Carcinogen Yes X No Hydrochloric acid is not listed by NTP, IARC or OSHA as a carcinogen.

Radiological Hazard: Strontium-90 Ionizing radiation is a known carcinogen.

Reproductive Toxicity: Not classified. Hydrochloric acid: Rat, Inhalation TCLo: 450 mg/kg (1 h, prior to copulation 1 d)

Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Single Exposure: No data available.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Repeated Exposure: No data available.

Aspiration Hazard: No data available.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Ecotoxicity Data: Component: Hydrochloric Acid Fish Toxicity: Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) LC50 (static): 282 mg/L (96 h) Invertebrate: Shore crab (Carcinus maenas) LC50 (mortality): 240 mg/L (48 h) Component: Strontium-90 No ecotoxicity data listed.

Persistence and Degradability: No data available.

Bioaccumulative Potential: No data available.

Mobility in Soil: No data available.

Other Adverse Effects: No data available.

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13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Waste Disposal: This material is radioactive. Dispose in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations for RADIOACTIVE materials. See NRC 10 CFR 20 subpart K.

14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

U.S. DOT and IATA: Primary Risk: UN2910, Radioactive Material Excepted Package, Hazard Class 7. Subsidiary Risk: Hydrochloric Acid, Excepted Quantity E2.

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

U.S. Regulations:

CERCLA Sections 102a/103 (40 CFR 302.4): Hydrochloric acid, 5000 lbs (2270 kg) final RQ.

SARA Title III Section 302 (40 CFR 355.30): Hydrochloric acid, 500 lbs (227 kg) TPQ (gas only).

SARA Title III Section 304 (40 CFR 355.40): Hydrochloric acid, 5000 lbs (2270 kg) EPCRA RQ (gas only).

SARA Title III Section 313 (40 CFR 372.65): Hydrochloric acid, 1.0 % de minimis concentration

(acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size).

OSHA Process Safety (29 CFR 1910.119): Not regulated.

SARA Title III Sections 311/312 Hazardous Categories (40 CFR 370.21):

ACUTE HEALTH: Yes. CHRONIC HEALTH: No. FIRE: No. REACTIVE: No. PRESSURE: No.

State Regulations: California Proposition 65: No components are regulated.

U.S. TSCA Inventory: Hydrochloric acid listed.

TSCA 12(b), Export Notification: No components are listed.

Canadian Regulations: WHMIS Information: Not provided for this material.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

Issue Date: 11 October 2022

Sources: ChemAdvisor, Inc., SDS Hydrochloric Acid, 20 March 2015.

CDC; NIOSH; NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards; Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Safety and Health; Hydrochloric Acid, 18 November 2010; available https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0332.html (accessed Oct 2022).

PubChem, United States National Library of Medicine, Hydrochloric Acid; available at https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/313 (accessed Oct 2022).

OSHA 29 CFR, Subpart Z, Ionizing radiation, 1910.1096.

NRC 10 CFR 20, Standards for Protection Against Radiation.

DOT 49 CFR 173, Shippers General Requirements for Shipments and Packages.

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Key of Acronyms:

ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology Hygienists ALI Annual Limit on Intake NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission CAS Chemical Abstracts Service NTP National Toxicology Program CEN European Committee for Standardization OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, PEL Permissible Exposure Limit Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act CPSU Coal Mine Dust Personal Sample Unit REL Recommended Exposure Limit DOT Department of Transportation RM Reference Material EC50 Effective Concentration, 50 % RQ Reportable Quantity EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical RTECS Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances Substances EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act Act IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer SCBA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus IATA International Air Transportation Agency SRM Standard Reference Material IDLH Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health STEL Short Term Exposure Limit ISO International Organization for Standardization TDLo Toxic Dose Low LC50 Lethal Concentration, 50 % TLV Threshold Limit Value LD50 Lethal Dose, 50 % TPQ Threshold Planning Quantity LEL Lower Explosive Limit TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet TWA Time Weighted Average MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration UEL Upper Explosive Limit NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health WHMIS Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

Disclaimer: The NIST SDS information is specific to the NIST product and is believed to be correct, based upon our current knowledge. The SDS may not necessarily be all inclusive and should be used only as a guide. NIST does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information. The only official source for specific values and uncertainties is the certificate or report.

Users of this SRM should ensure that the SDS in their possession is current. This can be accomplished by contacting the SRM Program: telephone (301) 975-2200; e-mail srmmsds@nist.gov; or via the Internet at https://www.nist.gov/srm.

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